TL;DR: Russian enterprises bound by Federal Law 152-FZ cannot use foreign cloud AI. DDVB TECH's sovereign stack runs entirely on Yandex Cloud: YandexGPT for text generation, LangChain for orchestration, self-hosted Supabase for storage, and pgvector for RAG pipelines. Data never leaves Russian infrastructure.
The Data Sovereignty Imperative
For many Russian enterprises — especially government agencies, financial institutions, and healthcare organizations — using foreign cloud AI services isn't an option. Federal Law 152-FZ requires personal data to be stored on Russian territory.
This doesn't mean these organizations can't benefit from AI. It means they need AI infrastructure built entirely within Russian jurisdiction.
Our Sovereign Stack
We've developed a complete AI stack that runs on Yandex Cloud:
- YandexGPT — Foundation model for Russian-language text generation
- Qwen — Open-source alternative for specific use cases
- LangChain — Orchestration framework for multi-step AI pipelines
- Supabase (self-hosted) — PostgreSQL + auth + storage, deployed via Docker
- pgvector — Vector similarity search for RAG pipelines
Architecture
The architecture follows a clear separation of concerns:
- API Layer — Next.js API routes handle authentication and request routing
- Orchestration — LangChain manages prompt chains and model interactions
- Storage — Supabase provides structured data, auth, and file storage
- Vector Store — pgvector enables semantic search over document embeddings
- Models — YandexGPT API for generation, local embeddings for search
Key Challenges
Latency. YandexGPT is slower than GPT-4o or Claude for comparable tasks. We mitigate this with aggressive caching, pre-computation where possible, and async job queues.
Model quality. For Russian-language tasks, YandexGPT performs well. For English or code generation, it lags behind. We design pipelines that play to its strengths.
Infrastructure complexity. Self-hosting Supabase and managing Docker containers requires more operational effort than using managed services. We've built deployment scripts and monitoring to reduce this burden.
When to Choose Sovereign
Not every project needs sovereign infrastructure. We recommend it when:
- Legal requirements mandate Russian data storage (152-FZ)
- The organization handles sensitive personal data
- There's a strategic need for AI independence
- Long-term cost optimization is a priority over initial setup speed
For projects without these constraints, we use managed cloud services — they're faster to ship and easier to maintain.
